Human Interface Guidelines

Contents

Getting started (9)

  • Getting started— Create an app or game that feels at home on every platform you support.
  • Design principles— Explore fundamental principles that guide design across Apple platforms.
  • Designing for games— When people play your game on an Apple device, they dive into the world you desi...
  • Designing for iOS— People depend on their iPhone to help them stay connected, play games, view medi...
  • Designing for iPadOS— People value the power, mobility, and flexibility of iPad as they enjoy media, p...
  • Designing for macOS— People rely on the power, spaciousness, and flexibility of a Mac as they perform...
  • Designing for tvOS— People enjoy the vibrant content, immersive experiences, and streamlined interac...
  • Designing for visionOS— When people wear Apple Vision Pro, they enter an infinite 3D space where they ca...
  • Designing for watchOS— When people glance at their Apple Watch, they know they can access essential inf...

Foundations (19)

  • Foundations— Understand how fundamental design elements help you create rich experiences.
  • Accessibility— Accessible user interfaces empower everyone to have a great experience with your...
  • App icons— A unique, memorable icon expresses your app’s or game’s purpose and personality ...
  • Branding— Apps and games express their unique brand identity in ways that make them instan...
  • Color— Judicious use of color can enhance communication, evoke your brand, provide visu...
  • Dark Mode— Dark Mode is a systemwide appearance setting that uses a dark color palette to p...
  • Icons— An effective icon is a graphic asset that expresses a single concept in ways peo...
  • Images— To make sure your artwork looks great on all devices you support, learn how the ...
  • Immersive experiences— In visionOS, you can design apps and games that extend beyond windows and volume...
  • Inclusion— Inclusive apps and games put people first by prioritizing respectful communicati...
  • Layout— A consistent layout that adapts to various contexts makes your experience more a...
  • Materials— A material is a visual effect that creates a sense of depth, layering, and hiera...
  • Motion— Beautiful, fluid motions bring the interface to life, conveying status, providin...
  • Privacy— Privacy is paramount: it’s critical to be transparent about the privacy-related ...
  • Right to left— Support right-to-left languages like Arabic and Hebrew by reversing your interfa...
  • SF Symbols— SF Symbols provides thousands of consistent, highly configurable symbols that in...
  • Spatial layout— Spatial layout techniques help you take advantage of the infinite canvas of Appl...
  • Typography— Your typographic choices can help you display legible text, convey an informatio...
  • Writing— The words you choose within your app are an essential part of its user experienc...

Patterns (26)

  • Patterns— Get design guidance for supporting common user actions, tasks, and experiences.
  • Charting data— Presenting data in a chart can help you communicate information with clarity and...
  • Collaboration and sharing— Great collaboration and sharing experiences are simple and responsive, letting p...
  • Drag and drop— Using drag and drop, people can move or duplicate selected photos, text, and oth...
  • Entering data— When you need information from people, design ways that make it easy for them to...
  • Feedback— Feedback helps people know what’s happening, discover what they can do next, und...
  • File management— Some apps can support documents and files that people expect to manage throughou...
  • Going full screen— iPhone, iPad, and Mac offer full-screen modes that let people expand a window to...
  • Launching— A streamlined launch experience helps people start using your app or game immedi...
  • Live-viewing apps— As you design a live-viewing app, prioritize the content and create fun, fluid i...
  • Loading— The best content-loading experience finishes before people become aware of it.
  • Managing accounts— When it doesn’t create an unnecessary barrier to your experience, an account can...
  • Managing notifications— Notifications can give people timely and important information, whether the devi...
  • Modality— Modality is a design technique that presents content in a separate, dedicated mo...
  • Multitasking— Multitasking lets people switch quickly from one app to another, performing task...
  • Offering help— Although the most effective experiences are approachable and intuitive, you can ...
  • Onboarding— Onboarding can help people get a quick start using your app or game.
  • Playing audio— People expect rich audio experiences that automatically adjust when the context ...
  • Playing haptics— Playing haptics can engage people’s sense of touch and bring their familiarity w...
  • Playing video— People expect to enjoy rich video experiences on their devices, regardless of th...
  • Printing— An iOS, iPadOS, macOS, or visionOS app can integrate system-provided print funct...
  • Ratings and reviews— People often view the ratings and reviews for an app or game before they downloa...
  • Searching— People use various search techniques to find content on their device, within an ...
  • Settings— People expect apps and games to just work, but they also appreciate having ways ...
  • Undo and redo— Undo and redo gives people easy ways to reverse many types of actions, which can...
  • Workouts— A great workout or fitness experience encourages people to engage with their cur...

Components (1)

  • Components— Learn how to use and customize system-defined components to give people a famili...

Inputs (14)

  • Inputs— Learn about the various methods people use to control your app or game and enter...
  • Action button— The Action button gives people quick access to their favorite features on suppor...
  • Apple Pencil and Scribble— Apple Pencil helps make drawing, handwriting, and marking effortless and natural...
  • Camera Control— The Camera Control provides direct access to your app’s camera experience.
  • Digital Crown— The Digital Crown is an important hardware input for Apple Vision Pro and Apple ...
  • Eyes— In visionOS, people look at a virtual object to identify it as a target they can...
  • Focus and selection— Focus helps people visually confirm the object that their interaction targets.
  • Game controls— Precise, intuitive game controls enhance gameplay and can increase a player’s im...
  • Gestures— A gesture is a physical motion that a person uses to directly affect an object i...
  • Gyroscope and accelerometer— On-device gyroscopes and accelerometers can supply data about a device’s movemen...
  • Keyboards— A physical keyboard can be an essential input device for entering text, playing ...
  • Nearby interactions— Nearby interactions support on-device experiences that integrate the presence of...
  • Pointing devices— People can use a pointing device like a trackpad or mouse to navigate the interf...
  • Remotes— The Siri Remote is the primary input method for Apple TV, helping people feel co...

Technologies (30)

  • Technologies— Discover the Apple technologies, features, and services you can integrate into y...
  • AirPlay— AirPlay lets people stream media content wirelessly from iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and...
  • Always On— On devices that include the Always On display, the system can continue to displa...
  • App Clips— An App Clip is a lightweight version of your app or game that provides an on-the...
  • Apple Pay— Apple Pay is a secure, easy way to make payments for physical goods and services...
  • Augmented reality— Augmented reality (or AR) lets you deliver immersive, engaging experiences that ...
  • CareKit— People can use CareKit apps to manage care plans related to a chronic illness li...
  • CarPlay— CarPlay lets people get directions, make calls, send and receive messages, liste...
  • Game Center— Game Center is Apple’s social gaming network, which lets players track their pro...
  • Generative AI— Generative AI empowers you to enhance your app or game with dynamic content and ...
  • HealthKit— HealthKit is the central repository for health and fitness data in iOS, iPadOS, ...
  • HomeKit— HomeKit lets people securely control connected accessories in their homes using ...
  • iCloud— iCloud is a service that lets people seamlessly access the content they care abo...
  • ID Verifier— ID Verifier lets your iPhone app read mobile IDs in person without requiring ext...
  • iMessage apps and stickers— An iMessage app can help people share content, collaborate, and even play games ...
  • In-app purchase— People can use in-app purchase to pay for virtual goods — like premium content, ...
  • Live Photos— Live Photos lets people capture favorite memories in a sound- and motion-rich in...
  • Mac Catalyst— When you use Mac Catalyst to create a Mac version of your iPad app, you give peo...
  • Machine learning— Machine learning enables apps and games to learn from data and usage patterns, l...
  • Maps— A map displays outdoor or indoor geographical data in your app or on your websit...
  • NFC— Near-field communication (NFC) allows devices within a few centimeters of each o...
  • Photo editing— Photo-editing extensions let people modify photos and videos within the Photos a...
  • ResearchKit— A research app lets people everywhere participate in important medical research ...
  • SharePlay— SharePlay helps multiple people share activities — like viewing a movie, listeni...
  • ShazamKit— ShazamKit supports audio recognition by matching an audio sample against the Sha...
  • Sign in with Apple— Sign in with Apple provides a fast, private way to sign into apps and websites, ...
  • Siri— People use Siri to help them with the things they need to find, know, or do ever...
  • Tap to Pay on iPhone— Tap to Pay on iPhone lets merchants accept contactless payments using an app on ...
  • VoiceOver— VoiceOver is a screen reader that lets people experience your app’s interface wi...
  • Wallet— Wallet helps people securely store their credit and debit cards, driver’s licens...

Content (5)

  • Content
  • Charts— Organize data in a chart to communicate information with clarity and visual appe...
  • Image views— An image view displays a single image — or in some cases, an animated sequence o...
  • Text views— A text view displays multiline, styled text content, which can optionally be edi...
  • Web views— A web view loads and displays rich web content, such as embedded HTML and websit...

Layout and organization (11)

  • Layout and organization
  • Boxes— A box creates a visually distinct group of logically related information and com...
  • Collections— A collection manages an ordered set of content and presents it in a customizable...
  • Column views— A column view — also called a browser — lets people view and navigate a data hie...
  • Disclosure controls— Disclosure controls reveal and hide information and functionality related to spe...
  • Labels— A label is a static piece of text that people can read and often copy, but not e...
  • Lists and tables— Lists and tables present data in one or more columns of rows.
  • Lockups— Lockups combine multiple separate views into a single, interactive unit.
  • Outline views— An outline view presents hierarchical data in a scrolling list of cells that are...
  • Split views— A split view manages the presentation of multiple adjacent panes of content, eac...
  • Tab views— A tab view presents multiple mutually exclusive panes of content in the same are...

Menus and actions (13)

  • Menus and actions
  • Activity views— An activity view — often called a share sheet — presents a range of tasks that p...
  • Buttons— A button initiates an instantaneous action.
  • Context menus— A context menu provides access to functionality that’s directly related to an it...
  • Dock menus— On a Mac, people can secondary click an app’s or game’s icon in the Dock to reve...
  • Edit menus— An edit menu lets people make changes to selected content in the current view, i...
  • Home Screen quick actions— Home Screen quick actions give people a way to perform app-specific actions from...
  • Menus— A menu reveals its options when people interact with it, making it a space-effic...
  • Ornaments— In visionOS, an ornament presents controls and information related to a window, ...
  • Pop-up buttons— A pop-up button displays a menu of mutually exclusive options.
  • Pull-down buttons— A pull-down button displays a menu of items or actions that directly relate to t...
  • The menu bar— On a Mac or an iPad, the menu bar at the top of the screen displays the top-leve...
  • Toolbars— A toolbar provides convenient access to frequently used commands, controls, navi...

Presentation (9)

  • Presentation
  • Action sheets— An action sheet is a modal view that presents choices related to an action peopl...
  • Alerts— An alert gives people critical information they need right away.
  • Page controls— A page control displays a row of indicator images, each of which represents a pa...
  • Panels— In a macOS app, a panel typically floats above other open windows providing supp...
  • Popovers— A popover is a transient view that appears above other content when people click...
  • Scroll views— A scroll view lets people view content that’s larger than the view’s boundaries ...
  • Sheets— A sheet helps people perform a scoped task that’s closely related to their curre...
  • Windows— A window presents UI views and components in your app or game.

Selection and input (12)

  • Selection and input
  • Color wells— A color well lets people adjust the color of text, shapes, guides, and other ons...
  • Combo boxes— A combo box combines a text field with a pull-down button in a single control.
  • Digit entry views— A digit entry view fills the entire screen and prompts people to enter a series ...
  • Image wells— An image well is an editable version of an image view.
  • Pickers— A picker displays one or more scrollable lists of distinct values that people ca...
  • Segmented controls— A segmented control is a linear set of two or more segments, each of which funct...
  • Sliders— A slider is a horizontal track with a control, called a thumb, that people can a...
  • Steppers— A stepper is a two-segment control that people use to increase or decrease an in...
  • Text fields— A text field is a rectangular area in which people enter or edit small, specific...
  • Toggles— A toggle lets people choose between a pair of opposing states, like on and off, ...
  • Virtual keyboards— On devices without physical keyboards, the system offers various types of virtua...

Status (5)

  • Status
  • Activity rings— Activity rings show an individual’s daily progress toward Move, Exercise, and St...
  • Gauges— A gauge displays a specific numerical value within a range of values.
  • Progress indicators— Progress indicators let people know that your app isn’t stalled while it loads c...
  • Rating indicators— A rating indicator uses a series of horizontally arranged graphical symbols — by...

System experiences (11)

  • System experiences
  • App Shortcuts— An App Shortcut gives people access to your app’s key functions or content throu...
  • Complications— A complication displays timely, relevant information on the watch face, where pe...
  • Controls— A control provides quick access to a feature of your app from Control Center, th...
  • Live Activities— A Live Activity lets people track the progress of an activity, event, or task at...
  • Notifications— A notification gives people timely, high-value information they can understand a...
  • Snippets— When someone performs a task with Siri or an App Shortcut, a snippet shows the r...
  • Status bars— A status bar appears along the upper edge of the screen and displays information...
  • Top Shelf— The Apple TV Home Screen provides an area called Top Shelf, which showcases your...
  • Watch faces— A watch face is a view that people choose as their primary view in watchOS.
  • Widgets— A widget provides quick access to essential information and focused interactions...

Other (1)