---
title: Combining parameters to generate a signature for SKAdNetwork 2
framework: storekit
role: article
role_heading: Article
path: storekit/combining-parameters-to-generate-a-signature-for-skadnetwork-2
---

# Combining parameters to generate a signature for SKAdNetwork 2

Generate signatures to sign your ad with version 2.

## Overview

Overview To generate the signature, first combine the values of Ad network install-validation keys for the version 2. important: Lowercase the string representation of the nonce: SKStoreProductParameterAdNetworkNonce. Failing to do so results in an invalid signature. Only ads with valid signatures can get ad attributions. Strings for version 2 and earlier don’t include a fidelity-type parameter. For version 2, combine the values into a UTF-8 string with an invisible separator (‘\u2063’) between them, in the exact order shown: Listing 1. Parameter values combined, in order, for version 2. version + '\u2063' + ad-network-id + '\u2063' + campaign-id + '\u2063' + itunes-item-id + '\u2063' + nonce + '\u2063' + source-app-id + '\u2063' + timestamp

## See Also

### Signatures for SKAdNetwork 1, 2, and 2.2–3

- [Combining parameters to generate signatures for SKAdNetwork 2.2 and 3](storekit/combining-parameters-to-generate-signatures-for-skadnetwork-2-2-and-3.md)
- [Combining parameters to generate a signature for SKAdNetwork 1](storekit/combining-parameters-to-generate-a-signature-for-skadnetwork-1.md)